Tourism is the generic term to cover both demand and supply that has been adopted in various forms and used throughout the World. Tourism is defined as the activities of persons identified as visitors. A visitor is someone who is making a visit to a main destination outside his/her usual environment for less than a year for any main purpose [including] holidays, leisure and recreation, business, health, education or other purposes….This scope is much wider than the traditional perception of tourists, which included only those travelling for leisure.
TOURISM BENEFITS
Increased business opportunities for residents or communities living around the tourist attraction.The tourism sector can absorb labor that can increase the income and welfare of the population.
State revenues increase in taxes from both arriving tourists and taxes from social facilities in tourist areas, as well as the advantages of foreign currency exchange with Indonesian currency for tourist purposes.
Maintenance of environmental sustainability and national culture. With the tourism, the public always maintain the integrity and sustainability of tourist attractions, both natural attractions, historic buildings and heritage, as well as traditional cultures of society.
TOURISM OBJECTIVES
To use leisure time, good recreation (leisure), health needs, lessons and knowledge, as well as to run worship and sports
For business or business purposes, family visits, tasks, and attending conferences. If someone travels less than 24 hours,
MAIN ASPECTS OF TOURISM
Development of tourism in a region also means to develop the physical potential in the area, because every object or tourist location has interdependent aspects of each other. Aspects affecting tourism can be grouped into four categories (Spillane, 1994: 63), including:
1. Attraction
According to the sense of attraction is a way of attracting tourists or visitors with something that can be displayed or tourists interested in certain characteristics of a tourist attraction. The motivation of tourists to visit a place is to meet or satisfy some needs and requests. Usually tourists are attracted to a location that has certain characteristics that include the beauty of nature and culture.
2. Facilities
Facilities in tourism development are more likely to be oriented to attraction at a location because the facility must be located close to the market. Facilities tend to support rather than encourage growth and tend to develop at the same time or after the attraction develops, the attraction can also be a facility.
In traveling to a place or area that becomes a tourist destination required services in accordance with the needs and desires of tourists, so before traveling first need to know about transport facilities, accommodation, catering facilities that can support and provide services about food and beverages , objects and attractions in the destination, recreational activities that can be done as well as shopping facilities. This resulted in the emergence of a specialization of services that ultimately form a distribution of services to support the tourism industry.
According to Yoeti (1992), tourism facilities can be divided into three main elements, including:
The principal means of tourism, is the company that lives and its life depends on the flow of arrival of people who travel. Included in this group are travel agents, tourist transport companies, as well as other accommodation types, restaurants and other restaurants as well as attractions and tourist attractions.
Tourism complementary means is a company or place that provides facilities for recreation whose function not only complement the main means of tourism, but the most important is to make the tourists stay longer in a tourist destination.
Tourism supporting facilities are companies that support complementary facilities and basic facilities and function not only to make the tourists feel at home in a tourist destination but more important function is to make more tourists spend or spend money in the place he visited.
3. Infrastructure
Attraction and facilities can not only be reached easily if there is no infrastructure, meaning the infrastructure is all the facilities that enable the economic process in such a way, so as to facilitate human to be able to fulfill it. According to Yoeti (1992) tourism infrastructure is divided into two parts, namely:
Economic infrastructure, classified into:
- Transportation is transportation that can bring tourists from the place of origin to the place of destination by using aircraft for long distance, ships, trains, buses, taxis and other vehicles. It can be said that in the development of tourism both local, national, and international is largely determined by the transportation infrastructure.
- Communication infrastructure, the availability of communication infrastructure will be able to encourage tourists to travel long distances.
- Groups that include utilities, this group is electric lighting, drinking water supply, irrigation systems and water sources, and existing energy sources.
- The banking system, the existence of bank services for tourists means providing security and ease in receiving or sending money without experiencing service bureaucracy.
Social infrastructure, are all factors that support or guarantee the viability of the existing economy. Included in the social infrastructure group are:
- Education system. Serve an effort to improve not only services for tourists, but also to maintain and supervise a business entity engaged in tourism.
- Health services
- Security factor
- The concierge served the tourists. Included in this group are immigration officers, customs officers, health workers, police and other officials related to tourism services.
4. Transportation
Tourism activity depends a lot on transportation due to distance and time factors greatly affect the desire of people to travel. Thus, transportation can make it easier for tourists to visit a certain area. Transportation is represented by accessibility consisting of:
- Classification of road class
- Distance of tourism to subdistrict main gate
- The number of city service centers located <50 km from the attractions
- Distance of attractions to the nearest service center city
- The condition of the road from the tourist object to the nearest service center city.
The relevance of linkage theory of tourism supporting aspects with the research topic is to know all the facilities that support for tourism facilities can live and develop and able to provide services to meet the needs of tourists in doing tourism activities.
